NWDTW 2024

In addition to USGS products such as the USGS Water Watch and the National Water Dashboard, the presenters will provide an update on other “Event Monitoring” resources such as the Flood Event Viewer, Flood Inundation Mapper, Hydrologic Imagery Visualization and Information System and the Real-time Flood Impact Map.

During large, short-term events, the USGS collects streamflow and additional data (including storm tide, wave height, high-water marks, and additional data) to aid in documenting flood events. The USGS Flood Event Viewer provides convenient, map-based access to downloadable event-based data. In 2022, the USGS Flood Event Viewer is available for the following events: During the 2022 Hurricane Season, the Flood Event Viewer is available for several notable flood events such July Kentucky Flood, September Alaska Extratropical Cyclone, and Hurricane Ian.

USGS Flood Inundation Maps, along with Internet information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage, provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood-response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts. The Flood Inundation Mapper allows users to explore the full set of inundation maps that shows where flooding would occur given a selected stream condition. Users can also access historical flood information and potential loss estimates based on the severity of the flood. The FIM Mapper helps communities visualize potential flood scenarios, identify areas and resources that may be at risk, and enhance their local response effort during a flooding event.

Many USGS water-resource monitoring sites have webcams installed to allow remote visibility of current water and environmental conditions, identify technical issues, verify remote measurements, and gather data for visual analyses. The Hydrologic Imagery Visualization and Information System (HIVIS) provides access to still-frame images and timelapse videos from our active webcams. Many sites also pair recent still-frame images to an interactive hydrograph.

USGS Real-time Flood Impact map displays “Flood Impact Locations” where the USGS has measured the height of critical safety or infrastructure features that may be vulnerable to flood impacts. Some examples of Flood Impact Locations include stream and river embankments; roads and bridges; pedestrian paths; buildings; and more. Flood Impact Locations are surveyed and associated with a nearby USGS real-time streamgage. When the streamgage water level (gage height) exceeds the Flood Impact Location’s surveyed height, its icon will display on the map, showing that this location may be currently flooded. When the user clicks on the icon, a pop-up will display the current gage height and the Flood Impact Location height, so that the user can compare how close that location is to the current water level. Some Flood Impact Locations may be measured below the level of actual flooding to provide an early warning that flooding may be imminent. Although the mapper is not a flood warning system, it can be used to convey immediate flood risks by showing the locations where flooding may be currently or soon occurring. The USGS has over 10,000 streamgages nationwide in the continental U.S. and U.S. territories. Please note that flood impacts have not been collected at all USGS streamgages. Additional Flood Impact Locations will continue to be added. If you would like to add Flood Impact Locations at or near existing USGS streamgages in your Water Science Center, please refer to Alternative Way of Delivering USGS Streamgage Data (Ver 6).pdf or contact Julia Prokopec, Lauren Privette, or Athena Clark.

Continuous stage and temperature data were collected via commercially available, unvented and vented submersible pressure transducers (PTs) as ‘tiered’ gages co-located with United States Geological Survey reference gages in relatively small, low-order streams across the United States. Tiered gage data were compared with reference gage records to assess sensor performance variability across different installation methods, reaches, watersheds, and streamflow conditions. Sensor error was evaluated via differences between reference and tiered stage values through time and across variations in atmospheric pressure, barometer proximity, and water temperature. Finally, stage measurements from tiered and reference gages were used to estimate discharge and comparative accuracies evaluated. When installed and visited regularly with tape downs and levels, tiered gages can be pretty accurate! How accurate you ask? Well, please stop on by to see our presentation.

This is an overview of the USGS Storm-Tide Monitoring Program. The topics discussed will be the history of the program, data collection and dissemination of the data. There will also be a discussion on new sensors and technologies.

The shape and slope of a stage-discharge rating as well as the hinge and merge points of associated shifts are related to the geometry of the stream channel. This presentation will discuss that relationship using modeling results from several scenarios (differing channel shapes and changes related to scour and fill).

Andrew Gorman from OKI and Christopher Smith from SAWSC were funded by the WMO to visit with Belize's Hydrology department to asses their program and deliver necessary training.

The USGS has over 100 years of peaks at stream gages. Now we can see how peaks compare on a map! Amy will demo the script and graphics, with various options for dates, qualifiers, and drainage area.

An overview of the 2024 USGS National Flood Plan, which serves to document the National level perspective of the organizational framework, decision processes, resources, and responsibilities of riverine flood response.

In response to the damage incurred due to recent extreme rainfall events, as well as the likely increasing frequency of such events due to global climate change, cities across the Nation are developing plans to prepare for future flash flood events. In 2021, the USGS, as part of the Next Generation Water Observing System, began installing a stormwater monitoring network in the cities of Madison, WI and Harwood Heights, IL. Part of this effort includes a vast network of LoRa-enabled sensors used to measure water levels in storm drains, pipes, and channels in areas that have a history of frequent flooding. While this effort was originally designed to facilitate calibration and validation of hydrologic models, it has since been revised to explore the potential to use this network as an early urban flood detection and warning system to city officials.

In the summer of 2023, multiple storm fronts passed through both Madison and Harwood Heights, creating flash flood events throughout the city. This presentation will highlight the performance of the flood detection and warning network for those events and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of using the internet-of-things compared to more traditional means of data collection and dissemination.

The California Water Science Center’s Estuarine Hydrodynamics team has been utilizing autonomous, un-crewed surface vessels (USVs) to conduct ADCP and bathymetric surveys throughout the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (the Delta). These vessels have become an invaluable tool. They reduce human-error by performing consistent, repeatable transects that have constant boat speeds, straight paths, and consistent starting and ending locations.
Using USVs certainly comes with some considerations. Users should consider transect locations (large, small, open, covered), navigational hazards (pilings, buoys, docks, debris, shipping lanes), sea and weather conditions (wind chop), potential for compass interference, and power.
After these considerations, the use of USVs has improved data collection and increased efficiency allowing for multiple cross-sections simultaneously without extra personnel.

The NYWSC Observing Systems Division Troy office is testing the use of on-hand conductivity probes to measure stream discharge utilizing salt dilution methodology. Salt dilution is a well-researched technique in academic fields but thus far has not been widely used within the USGS. Currently, USGS offices in the Southeast Region are testing the use of specialized systems that have demonstrated accuracy but may pose a financial barrier to their wider adoption. By utilizing conductivity probes that may be readily available to hydrographers these financial barriers can be circumnavigated while maintaining accuracy. Demonstrating that on-hand equipment can be used to make reliable salt dilution measurements adds an accessible tool for hydrographers to collect the highest quality data at sites and conditions where traditional methods fall short.

This discussion will introduce a brief walk-through of the FEMA MA process, along with planning and execution of HWM collection and engagement within incident command centers.